Aorta: dimensions and thresholds

Aortic annulus, sinuses, STJ and ascending aorta against sex-specific normals, indexed size and surgical thresholds.

• Echo study summary
• Aorta: dimensions and thresholds
• Left ventricle: size, mass, geometry and EF
• Atria: LA and RA volume and strain
• Diastolic function: ASE 2025 algorithm
• Right heart and pulmonary hypertension
• Aortic valve: stenosis and regurgitation
• Mitral valve: regurgitation and stenosis
• Tricuspid regurgitation: five-grade scheme
• Pulmonary valve: stenosis and regurgitation
• Prosthetic valves
• Haemodynamics and ICU echo
• Cardiac mechanics
• Structured echo report